|
The Moldovan Orthodox Church ((ルーマニア語、モルドバ語():Biserica Ortodoxă din Moldova); (ロシア語:Правосла́вная це́рковь Молдо́вы)) or Metropolis of Chișinău and All Moldova (Romanian: Mitropolia Chișinăului și a întregii Moldove; Russian: Кишинёвско-Молда́вская митропо́лия) is a self-governing church under the Russian Orthodox Church. Its canonical territory is the Republic of Moldova. The Church of Moldova is the largest church in Moldova, with all Orthodox Christians in the country belonging either to the Moldovan Orthodox Church, or to the Metropolis of Bessarabia, a metropolitanate of the Romanian Orthodox Church. In the 2005 census in Moldova 3,158,015 people or 95.5% of those declaring a religion claimed to be Eastern Orthodox Christians. The head of the Moldovan Orthodox Church is Metropolitan Vladimir (Cantarean), who is a permanent member of the Holy Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church. ==History== (詳細はRomania and Moldova by the Apostle Andrew. Be that as it may, by the 14th century the Orthodox Church in Moldavia—today northeastern Romania, Moldova, and southwestern Ukraine—was under the authority of the Metropolitan of Galicia in modern-day western Ukraine. In 1391, however, the Patriarchate of Constantinople, which had jurisdiction over the region, elected a metropolitan for Moldavia specifically (Metropolis of Moldavia). By the 15th century this metropolitan was elected by the autocephalous Church of Ohrid, but following the abolition of the latter it returned to the jurisdiction of the Church of Constantinople. During this time, in the 17th century, the churches in Moldavia transitioned from using Slavonic to Romanian. In 1812, the eastern half of Moldavia (renamed Bessarabia)—roughly corresponding to the Republic of Moldova and the Ukrainian district of Budjak—was annexed by the Russian Empire, which placed the Orthodox Church in this territory under the jurisdiction of the Russian Orthodox Church, which in 1813 established the Eparchy of Kishinev (Chișinău) and Hotin under Metropolitan Gavril (Bănulescu-Bodoni) to care for the region's Orthodox Christians. In 1918, after the region came under Romanian rule, the Eparchy of Kishinev, dependent on the Moscow Patriarchate, was dissolved by the Romanian authorities, its bishop was expelled, and, against protests of the Russian Orthodox Church, an Archdiocese of Chișinău subordinated to the Romanian Orthodox Church was established.〔(The Position of the Romanian Patriarchate concerning the Reactivation of the Three Dioceses in the Metropolitanate of Bessarabia )〕 In 1922, the Holy Synod of the Romanian Orthodox Church set up two more dioceses in Bessarabia—the Diocese of Hotin, seated in Bălţi, and the Diocese of the Cetatea Albă, seated in Ismail—and, in 1927, the Orthodox Church in Bessarabia was raised to the rank of the Metropolis of Bessarabia. Following the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, the Soviet Union annexed Bessarabia and proclaimed Moldavian SSR. The Metropolis of Bessarabia was forced to interrupt its activity.〔 In the same period of time, the Moscow Patriarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church established on the territory of the new soviet republic a new Diocese of Kishinev. In 1990, the Orthodox Church was raised to the rank of the Archdiocese.〔(Contextul istoric ) at mitropoliabasarabiei.ro 〕 A year after the independence from the USSR as the Republic of Moldova in 1991, the Russian Orthodox Church granted autonomy to the Orthodox Church in the new country, as the Moldovan Orthodox Church, and raised the rank of the Archdiocese to the Metropolis of Chișinău and All Moldova.〔(Istoric ) at mitropolia.md 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Moldovan Orthodox Church」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|